This cluster organizes Kathmandu Valley as a connected sacred and urban cultural landscape involving temples, stupas, royal squares, pilgrimage systems, ritual processions, Newari architecture, monasteries, festivals, and historical settlement patterns.
Kathmandu Valley should not be understood only as a city system. It is also a ritual landscape shaped by Buddhism, Hinduism, monarchy, trade, pilgrimage, urban settlement, festivals, and Newari civilization.